初中英语宾语从句要点第二节
宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序：在复合句中，宾语从句部分要用陈述语序。(1) 陈述句作由that引导的宾语从句时，语序不需要调整。(2) 一般疑问句作宾语从句时，其结构为whether / if +陈述句。原一般疑问句的主语前若是助动词do / does / did，应去掉，谓语动词应改为其相应的形式;原一般疑问句的主语前若是dont / doesnt / didnt，则直接将它放到主语之后;原一般疑问句的主语前若是be 动词、情态动词或其他助动词，则应将它放到主语之后。如：Does he like apples? I dont know. ||||| I dont know whether he likes apples.He asks: Is Tom a diver? ||||| He asks whether Tom is a driver.(3) 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时， 假如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，其语序不需要变化;假如疑问词充当其他句子成分，则宾语从句的结构为连接代词 / 连接副词+陈述句。如：Who can answer the question? I want to know. ||||| I want to know who can answer the question.Whose book is on the desk? We all know. ||||| We all know whose book is on the desk.
When will they arrive? Please tell us. ||||| Please tell us when they will arrive.宾语从句的引导词(1) 陈述句作宾语从句引导词用that。that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，无实质意思，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He said (that) it was cold in Moscow. Mother knows (that) Jim will work hard.(2) 一般疑问句作宾语从句引导词用whether或if。whether或if表示是不是、是否的意思，不可以省略。如：I want to know if / whether the answer is right. Lucy asked if / whether they had a cheaper shirt.(3) 特殊疑问句作宾语从句引导词用原来的疑问词，只是在宾语从句中称作连接代词或连接副词。连接代词或连接副词在从句中充当肯定的句子成分，有肯定的意思，不可以省略。如：Please tell him which class you are in. He asked me whom I was waiting for.Could you tell me where the post office is? Please ask the teacher how we can get there.
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